Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah asked a question to President General Ayub Khan in 1964. She asked that American military aid to India was the talk of the town. And India would use this aid against Pakistan. "I want to know how it happened." America was your friend. Why did you lose this friend? Everyone living in the East and the West Pakistan wanted to get the answer to this question. This question came up in the early era of Ayub Khan when industrial development was fast taking place. Now it had become clear that this progress was due to Pakistan's support to America against Russia. In return Pakistan had secured economic aid from America. This aid was being spent on the construction of Tarbela, Mangla dams and many other projects. But the Indo-China war in 1962, changed the scenario. America turned its face on Pakistan and started to give military aid to India. On the one side, America was giving military aid to India on the other, India was annexing Kashmir to its territo
Sir Sayed Ahmed Khan is remembered today as
one of the most influential social reformers in India. Sir Sayed was born in
1817 to a family with close ties to the Mughal emperors. In his early years, he
was taught Islamic subjects along with mathematics and astronomy, his mother
playing a very formative role and emphasizing modern education in her teachings. He
was taught the Holy Quran by a female teacher, which is uncommon at that time.
He studied British law after which, he went on to work for East India
Company. He becomes the first Muslim to serve as a High Court judge under the
British Raj. Sir Sayed realized that the war of independence had damaged
the reputation of the Muslims in the eyes of the British and trying to reduce
this rift via his literary works. In his most famous pamphlet Asbab e
Bagahwat e Hind (the causes of the Indian revolt) blamed the revolt on the
aggressive expansion of the East India Company and the ignorance of British
politicians regarding Indian culture. He advised the British to appoint Muslims
to assist in the administration to avoid future uprisings in his book The Loyal
Mohammedans of India so highlighted Muslim assets that help officers and
their families during the war. Sir Sayed has the largest contribution to Muslims in
India.
What’s his role in improving their education?
He realized that Hindus were up from Muslims
in education as they were quick to adopt the new education system in The English language thus enabling them to get more jobs in the government, so Sir
Sayed started a Mohammedan School and Anglo oriental college in 1859, which
later became the Aligarh University in 1920. This was the first Muslim university
in the subcontinent. Aligarh movement is focused on teaching science and
English public speaking skills and the art of debate to help revolutionize the
mindset of the young Muslims in India. He also founded the scientific society
which published translated works of English writers into Urdu. He also wrote
about the similarities between Islam and Christianity, becoming the first
person in the subcontinent to carry out a comparative study of the two
religions. The Aligarh movement of Sir sat them up which produced a new
generation of educated Muslims, have the following objectives: One to introduce
modern western education to Muslims and to maintain loyalty to the British
government and create mutual understanding between the British and the Muslims and
to persuade Muslims to keep away from politics which is dominated by the
Hindus. Muslim became aware that their religious views had a separate
identity from the Hindus, this gave birth to the 2 nation theory, which later
became the basis of the creation of Pakistan. Because of his revolutionary
mind progressive thinking and reformist principles, He was known as the
greatest Muslim social reformer in 1888.
Death:
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan lived the last two decades
of his life in Aligarh, regarded widely as the mentor of 19th and 20th century
Muslim entrepreneurs. Battling illnesses and old age, Sir Syed died on 27 March
1898. He was buried beside Sir Syed Masjid inside the campus of the Aligarh
Muslim University.
